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Writing instructions

These guidelines for writing are used in all the schools of VAMK, University of Applied Sciences.

Page size and margins, page numbers

The margins are as in the template:

  • upper margin 3 cm,
  • lower margin 3 cm,
  • left 4 cm ja
  • right 3 cm.

The cover page is page 1, but the page numbers are not marked until the actual text begins. The page numbering continues uniformly up to the sources and appendices of the thesis.

Fonts and font sizes

The recommended font type is Verdana (size 11).

Fonts and font sizes are already defined in the template.

The template has the following styles included:

  • Heading 1 for main headings, font size 14 and bolded in capital letters
  • Heading 2 for subheadings, font size 12, bolded
  • Heading 3 for the lower level of subheadings, font size 12, bolded
  • Normal for body text, font size 11
  • Abstract, font size 11

The font size for normal text and lists is 11. For titles, a larger font size of 14 can be used and, for example, for tables, size 10. Captions for diagrams/pictures, photos and tables are written with font size 11. Line spacing in normal text is 1.5. Text hyphenation is turned on and the right edge is aligned. You don't change the line yourself, but let the program do it; only track changes are performed manually (enter). The paragraph starts on a new line and 12 points are set in between (paragraph spacing: before 0, after 12 pt). A new main chapter is started on a new page.

Titles on the Summary, Abstract, table of contents and list of appendices pages do not use ready-made heading styles (heading size 14), the actual texts on these pages use the style Summary (text size 11, line spacing 1, distance between characters 12 pt).

Text emphasizing or highlighting

Bold, italic, etc. means to emphasize the text should be used sparingly and consistently. Do not replace subheadings with bold or italics, but use styles instead. Underlining is not recommended, it is reserved for links.

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